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United Sabah Party

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United Sabah Party
Parti Bersatu Sabah
Malay nameParti Bersatu Sabah
ڤرتي برساتو سابه
Chinese name沙巴团结党
Shābā tuánjiédǎng
AbbreviationPBS
PresidentMaximus Ongkili
Joachim Gunsalam
(Acting)
ChairpersonClaudius Alex Sundang
Secretary-GeneralJulita Majungki
Deputy PresidentsJoachim Gunsalam
(non-Muslim bumiputera)
Yee Moh Chai
(Chinese)
Jahid Jahim
(Muslim bumiputera)
Women ChiefMalianah Ugau
Youth ChiefChristopher Mandut
Vice-PresidentsLinda Tsen
Daniel Isidore Stanislaus Kinsik
Johnny Juani Mositun
Ruslan Muharam
Peter Mak
Almudin Kaida
Joseph Lee Han Khyun
Mursid Mohd Rais
Treasurer-GeneralLu Kim Yen
FounderJoseph Pairin Kitingan
Founded5 March 1985; 39 years ago (1985-03-05)
Split fromSabah People's United Front (BERJAYA)
HeadquartersBlok ‘M’, Lot 4, Tingkat 2 & 3, Donggongon New Township, Donggongon, 89507 Penampang
(Peti Surat 13060, 88834 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah)
Youth wingYouth Section
Women's wingWomen Section
Membership (2022)580,000Increase[1]
Ideology
Political positionCentre-right
National affiliationGagasan Rakyat (1991–1996)
Barisan Nasional (1985–1990), (2002–2018)
Regional affiliationUnited Alliance of Sabah (2018–2020)
Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (since 2022)
Colours  Light blue and green
Slogan
  • "Bersatu!, Bersatu!, Bersatu!"
  • "Sabah untuk Rakyat Sabah"
AnthemBersatu Dalam PBS
Dewan Negara:
0 / 70
Dewan Rakyat:
1 / 26
(Sabah and Labuan seats)
Sabah State Legislative Assembly:
7 / 79
Chief ministers in Malaysia
0 / 13
Election symbol

Party flag
Website
www.partibersatusabah.org
This article is part of a series on the
Politics of
Malaysia
Head of State
Legislature
Executive
Judiciary
Elections
Political parties
List of political parties in Malaysia
Federalism
Ideologies and concepts

Race and politics

The United Sabah Party (Malay: Parti Bersatu Sabah; abbrev: PBS)[2] is a political party of Sabah. The PBS was founded by Joseph Pairin Kitingan in 1985[3] and it is Sabah's oldest local party.[4] In August 2020, PBS confirmed that they would be using their own logo and flag until Sabah's local coalition is established under Registrar of Societies (RoS).[5] In 2022, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) is the only Sabah's local coalition that has been successfully registered under the Registrar of Societies (RoS) making PBS interested in using the coalition's logo and becoming part of the coalition's component.[6][7]

Since 2022, the PBS acts as an allied partner, providing confidence and supply to the ruling federal Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. It is a major component of the Sabah-based Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state governing alliance.

History

[edit]
PBS official logo since 1985 (logo above is being remastered in 2020)

PBS was registered as a political party on 5 March 1985. Its founding President is Joseph Pairin Kitingan who had broken away from the ruling Parti Bersatu Rakyat Jelata Sabah (BERJAYA) because of his differences with the Chief Minister of Sabah and party president, Harris Salleh in whose state cabinet Pairin served before the break-up.[8] BERJAYA itself had ousted the previous state government of United Sabah National Organisation (USNO) to govern Sabah for 8 years from 1976 to 1985.[9][10]

PBS later formed the state government after winning the May 1985 state elections.[8][9] Following the 1986 Sabah riots after winning the 1986 state election,[10] PBS joined the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition and governed Sabah from 1985 to 1994.[9][11] However, on the eve of the July 1990 state elections, PBS pulled out of the BN to join the Gagasan Rakyat (GR) coalition and won the state election for a third time.[9][11][12] It also won the 1994 state elections by a narrow margin. However, numerous defections occurred as many PBS representatives switched allegiance to the then opposition BN coalition before PBS was even able to form a new state government.[9][12] PBS subsequently rejoined the BN coalition in 2002, ending any form of opposition as BN fully occupied the state legislature and returning Sabah to the rule of the BN coalition that also holds the federal parliament.[13][14]

Following the fall of both federal and state BN governments in the 2018 general election (GE14), PBS left the coalition and formed a new Sabah-based informal coalition of parties known as the United Alliance (Sabah) or Gabungan Bersatu (Sabah)[15] and also the succeeding United Sabah Alliance or Gabungan Sabah Bersatu.[16] During the 2020–21 Malaysian political crisis later, PBS has become allied partner providing confidence and supply to the new ruling federal government Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition set-up by prime minister Muhyiddin Yassin.[17] On 12 September 2020, PBS joined the Hajiji Noor re-formed Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) or Sabah People's Alliance just before the 2020 Sabah state election[18] which was won eventually by the GRS to form the state government.[19] As a result, PBS has signed the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of both the PN and GRS pacts separately.[17][20] However, PBS expressed that they will stick to their own logo and flag until the actual local coalition is established under the RoS in the next and subsequent elections.[14][21][22][23]

In 2022, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) is the only coalition that has been successfully registered under the Registrar of Societies (RoS) making PBS interested in using the coalition's logo and becoming part of the coalition's component. Since 2023, PBS officially become the major component of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and one of the founding parties of the coalition.[24][7]

Ideology and support base

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Although it is mainly seen as an ethnically-based Kadazan-Dusun political party, PBS calls itself a "Malaysian multi-racial political party".[25][26] Members are mostly of Kadazan-Dusun (from both the Dusunic plus Paitanic ethnolinguistic groups) and Murut (including the Lundayeh subgroup) ethnic descent, though the second and third largest ethnic membership are mostly Muslim Bumiputeras, mostly ethnic local Sabahan based ethnic Malay race (Bruneian Malays and Cocos Malays), and also from the Bajau community of peoples (the second-largest ethnic Bumiputera in the state including the Iranun subgroup and some Suluk together with the Chinese, alongside those of mixed-race or Sino-Native subgroup of the Chinese minority). Its declared political mission is to strive to safeguard Sabah's autonomy and state rights, promoting democratic principles, economic advancement, human rights and a fair justice system.[27][28] It also seeks preserving the traditional culture of each race in Sabah and freedom of religion in Malaysia.[29]

Among the most vocal issues voiced by the party were the issue of illegal immigrants along with 'ghost voters' in Sabah, the issue of the IC Project in East Malaysia, unbalanced development and the 20 points of the Malaysian Agreement 1963 for Sabah's entry into Malaysia.[14]

Since 1994 major defections from PBS, several political parties with similar ideologies have emerged. The closest one is the STAR Party, founded by Datuk Dr. Jeffrey G. Kitingan, the younger brother of the former president of PBS, Tan Sri Datuk Seri Panglima Joseph Pairin Kitingan. Other similar parties include Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah.

List of leaders

[edit]
List of PBS Presidents
1st: Joseph Pairin Kitingan, founding President (1985–2017)[30]
2nd: Maximus Ongkili, the second President (since 2017)

Leadership structure

[edit]
Executive Council[31]
  • President:
  • Deputy Presidents:
  • Vice Presidents:
  • Women's Wing Chief:
    • Malianah Ugau
  • Youth Wing Chief:
    • Christopher Mandut
  • Secretary-General:
  • Deputy Secretary-General:
    • Johnnybone J. Kurum
  • Treasurer-General:
    • Lu Kim Yen
  • Deputy Treasurer-General:
  • Information Chief:
  • Deputy Information Chief:
    • Bonaventure Boniface
  • Supreme Council Members:
    • Peter Jino Allion
    • Samuil Mopun
    • Fredoline Totin Bangon
    • Stanis Buandi
    • Suman Yasambun
    • William Majimbun
    • Masum bin Takin
    • John Chryso Masabal
    • Bernard Joseph Dalinting
    • Muji bin Ampau
    • Hajjah Fazidah Mohd Yassin
    • Kasirin Bin Kamiran
    • Juin Saman
    • Azmi Haji Ahmad
    • Omar Hakim
    • Zamil Ismail
    • Johnny Goh
    • Kong Nyuk Thou
    • Lim Vun Chan
    • Fredian Gan
    • Ng Tze Tsai
    • Goon Thien Shang
    • Joseph Lee
  • Divisional Chairpersons:[33]
    • N02 Bengkoka: Dr. Samuil Mopun
    • N03 Pitas: Awang Okik
    • N04 Tanjong Kapor: Martin Majamil
    • N05 Matunggong: Julita Mojungki
    • N06 Bandau: Maximus Ongkili
    • N07 Tandek: Hendrus Anding
    • N08 Pintasan: Muji Ampau
    • N09 Tempasuk: James Baga
    • N10 Usukan: Lamdin Kuyad
    • N11 Kadamaian: Demis Rumanti
    • N12 Sulaman: Juin Saman
    • N13 Pantai Dalit: Lizuan Sarabun
    • N14 Tamparuli: Jahid Jahim
    • N15 Kiulu: Joniston Bangkuai
    • N16 Karambunai: Johnny Goh
    • N18 Inanam: Fredoline Totin Bangon
    • N19 Likas: Joseph Lee Han Khyun
    • N20 Api-Api: Yee Moh Chai
    • N21 Luyang: Goon Thien Shang
    • N22 Tanjung Aru: Louis Lai Vui Leong
    • N23 Petagas: Azmi Hj. Ahmad
    • N24 Tanjung Keramat: Tahir Hj. Mohd Soon
    • N25 Kapayan: Augustin Anthony
    • N26 Moyog: John Chryso Masabal
    • N27 Limbahau: Johnny Juani Mositun
    • N30 Bongawan: Jitim Abak
    • N31 Membakut: Egol Onsim
    • N32 Klias: Hamin Gundim
    • N33 Kuala Penyu: Sebastian Dirih Anjim
    • N34 Lumadan: Ruslan Muharam
    • N35 Sindumin: Angian Alai
    • N36 Kundasang: Joachim Gunsalam
    • N37 Karanaan: Bernard Joseph Dalinting
    • N38 Paginatan: Arthur Sen
    • N39 Tambunan: Daniel Isidore Stanislaus Kinsik
    • N40 Bingkor: Peter Jino Allion
    • N41 Liawan: Zachary Robert Stanislaus Kinsik
    • N42 Melalap: Martin Johanis
    • N43 Kemabong: Raimun Tindil
    • N44 Tulid: Suman Yasambun
    • N45 Sook: Abraham Akimau
    • N46 Nabawan: Likin Simin
    • N47 Telupid: Johnnybone Kurum
    • N48 Sugut: Jamika Jeppy
    • N49 Labuk: Zamil Ismail
    • N50 Gum Gum: Matilda Sapot
    • N51 Sungai Manila: Sariah Duling
    • N52 Sungai Sibuga: Kasirin Kamiran
    • N54 Karamunting: Kong Nyuk Thau
    • N55 Elopura: Linda Tsen Thau Lin
    • N56 Tanjong Papat: Ong Chih Qun
    • N57 Kuamut: Masum Takin
    • N60 Tungku: Ayuh Pandasan
    • N62 Silam: Haji Mursid Mohd Rais
    • N63 Kunak: Hatta Mulok
    • N64 Sulabayan: Alibun Gimboh
    • N65 Senallang: Omar Hakim
    • N66 Bugaya: Hjh Fazidah Hj Mohd Yassin
    • N67 Balung: Zakaria Hj Guntik
    • N68 Apas: Chong Soo Yin @ Mohd Irwan Chong Abdullah
    • N69 Sri Tanjung: Lo Su Fui
    • N71 Tanjong Batu: Samson Gapid
    • N72 Merotai: A Hasin Nawa
    • N73 Sebatik: Sahrol Mahoolop
    • P166 Labuan: Peter Mak Chun Vun

Elected representatives

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Dewan Negara (Senate)

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Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives)

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Members of Parliament of the 15th Malaysian Parliament

[edit]
Main article: Members of the Dewan Rakyat, 15th Malaysian Parliament

PBS has currently only 1 MP in the House of Representatives.

State No. Parliament Constituency Member Party
 Sabah P190 Tawau Lo Su Fui PBS
Total Sabah (1)

Dewan Undangan Negeri (State Legislative Assembly)

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Malaysian State Assembly Representatives

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Main article: List of Malaysian State Assembly Representatives (2022–present)

Sabah State Legislative Assembly

7 / 79
State No. Parliamentary

Constituency

No. State Assembly Constituency Member Party
 Sabah P168 Kota Marudu N05 Matunggong Julita Majungki PBS
N07 Tandek Hendrus Anding PBS
P170 Tuaran N14 Tamparuli Jahid Noordin Jahim PBS
N15 Kiulu Joniston Lumai @ Bangkuai PBS
P178 Sipitang N34 Lumadan Ruslan Muharam PBS
P179 Ranau N36 Kundasang Joachim Gunsalam PBS
P183 Beluran N47 Telupid Jonnybone J Kurum PBS
Total Sabah (7)

PBS state governments

[edit]
State Leader type Member Party State Constituency
 Sabah Deputy Chief Minister II Joachim Gunsalam PBS Kundasang

Election results

[edit]
Election year Malaysia Parliament Sabah State Assembly Outcome
Candidates Seats won Candidates Seats won
1985 - - 45
25 / 48
 Increase25 seats; Sabah state governing coalition
(with PASOK)
1986 - - 47
34 / 48
 Increase9 seats; Sabah state government
Snap election
1986 14
10 / 177
 - - Increase10 seats; Federal governing coalition
(Barisan Nasional)
1990 - - 48
36 / 48
 Increase2 seats; Sabah state government
(Barisan Nasional, contested under PBS ticket)
1990 14
14 / 180
 - - Increase4 seats; Federal opposition coalition
(left BN before polling day to join Gagasan Rakyat)
1994 - - 48
25 / 48
 Decrease11 seats; Sabah state government
1995 28
8 / 192
 - - Decrease6 seats; Federal opposition
1999 - - 48
17 / 48
 Decrease6 seats; Sabah state opposition
1999 17
3 / 193
 - - Decrease5 seats; Federal opposition
2004 4
4 / 219
 13
13 / 60
 Increase1 seat; Federal governing coalition
(Barisan Nasional)
Decrease4 seats; Sabah state governing coalition
(BN Sabah)
2008 4
3 / 222
 13
12 / 60
 Decrease1 seat; Federal governing coalition
(Barisan Nasional)
Decrease1 seat; Sabah state governing coalition
(BN Sabah)
2013 5
4 / 222
 13
7 / 60
 Increase1 seat; Federal governing coalition
(Barisan Nasional)
Decrease5 seats; Sabah state governing coalition
(BN Sabah)
2018 5
1 / 222
 13
6 / 60
 Decrease3 seat; Federal opposition coalition
(United Alliance)
Decrease1 seat; Sabah state opposition coalition
(United Alliance)
2020 - - 22
7 / 73
 Increase1 seat; Sabah state governing coalition
(Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, with PN and BN)
Snap election
2022 4
1 / 222
 - - Steady; Federal governing coalition
(Gabungan Rakyat Sabah)

State election results

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "580,000 Membership of United Sabah Party (PBS) since 2022, two years after won in Sabah Election 2020". Parti Bersatu Sabah.
  2. ^ "Nama penuh bagi singkatan PBS ialah "Parti Bersatu Sabah" (telah direkod di dalam Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka)". Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
  3. ^ Kepemimpinan PBS seluruh Sabah. "History of Parti Bersatu Sabah (PBS)". Parti Bersatu Sabah Website.
  4. ^ "Demi rakyat, legasi PBS diteruskan di Kuala Penyu". Utusan Borneo Online. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021. PBS adalah parti tempatan tertua di Sabah dan masih aktif
  5. ^ "PBS bertanding 15 kerusi, guna lambang (logo & bendera) sendiri". BERNAMA. 9 November 2020.
  6. ^ Bernama (11 March 2022). "RoS approves registration of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, says Hajiji". malaymail. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  7. ^ a b "PRU15: PBS guna logo GRS". Warta Oriental. 14 October 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  8. ^ a b Mohd Hamdan Haji Adnan (2013). "Malaysia's 13th General Election in Sabah: Factors Determining the Winners" (PDF). Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysian Journal of History, Politics & Strategic Studies. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. pp. 96–97 [4–5/20]. ISSN 2180-0251. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  9. ^ a b c d e "The United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) in Sabah, East Malaysia: An Overview 1990-1994 International" (PDF). Hamdan Aziz (Ph.D) & Syahrin Said, Department of Nationhood and Civilization Studies, Centre for Fundamental and Liberal Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT). Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 12. 2017. ISSN 2222-6990. Retrieved 25 September 2021 – via HR Mars.
  10. ^ a b Gan Pei Ling (14 September 2012). "The hushed riot of Sabah". Selangor Times. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  11. ^ a b G. Lim. "Sabah: All Quiet On The Eastern Front?". Aliran Monthly. Archived from the original on 19 November 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2008.
  12. ^ a b Herman Luping (10 April 2011). "Understanding the pullout decision". Daily Express. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  13. ^ "Pairin glad PBS is back in coalition" (PDF). New Straits Times. 24 January 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2021 – via Perdana Leadership Foundation Library.
  14. ^ a b c Avila Geraldine (5 August 2020). "Is PBS capable of returning to its days of glory?". New Straits Times. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  15. ^ Kristy Inus (12 May 2018). "Sabah BN coalition to be disbanded to pave way for Gabungan Bersatu". New Straits Times. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
  16. ^ "Opposition parties form United Sabah Alliance". Daily Express. 10 March 2015. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  17. ^ a b "BN, PAS, GPS, PBS and STAR support formation of PN". The Sun Daily. 17 May 2020. Archived from the original on 17 May 2020. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  18. ^ "Malaysian PM Muhyiddin forms Gabungan Rakyat Sabah alliance to take on Sabah polls". The Straits Times. 12 September 2020. Archived from the original on 30 October 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  19. ^ Yusof, Amir (27 September 2020). "Muhyiddin-led Gabungan Rakyat Sabah clinches simple majority in state polls". Channel News Asia. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  20. ^ "GRS Signs MOU To Continue Cooperation Reject Outside Interference". The Borneo Post. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2021.
  21. ^ Wan Syamsul Amly (11 August 2020). "PBS guna logo sendiri berkebolehan tambah dinamik parti tersebut bertanding". Astro Awani (in Malay). Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  22. ^ "Datuk Joseph Pairin Kitingan cadang PBS guna logo sendiri dalam PRN". Bernama (in Malay). Utusan Borneo. 21 August 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  23. ^ "PBS bertanding 15 kerusi, guna lambang (logo & bendera) sendiri". Bernama (in Malay). 11 September 2020. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  24. ^ Bernama (11 March 2022). "RoS approves registration of Gabungan Rakyat Sabah, says Hajiji". malaymail. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  25. ^ "Resurgence of interest in multi-racial PBS". The Borneo Post. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  26. ^ Jason Santos (24 February 2018). "Multi-racial party not new in Sabah". The Malaysian Insight. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  27. ^ "PBS to strengthen multiracial identity". The Borneo Post. 7 March 2014. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  28. ^ "Demi rakyat, legasi PBS diteruskan di Kuala Penyu". Utusan Borneo Online. 26 April 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2021. PBS adalah sebuah Perpaduan dan Perpaduan terbesar berlaku di Sabah bersama PBS
  29. ^ "Don't Neglect PBS Members, Ongkili Tells BN Reps In Karanaan, Paginatan". Borneo Today. 3 September 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  30. ^ "Pairin Moves Aside After 31 Years Ongkili Is Acting President Of PBS". The Borneo Post. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  31. ^ "Ahli Majlis Tertinggi". Parti Bersatu Sabah.
  32. ^ "Joachim wins PBS deputy president post by a whisker". The Star. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2022.
  33. ^ "Parti Bersatu Sabah | Ketua Bahagian PBS". Parti Bersatu Sabah.

Notes

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  • James Chin. (1994) "Sabah State Election of 1994: End of Kadazan Unity, Asian Survey, Vol. 34, No. 10, pp. 904–915.
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