List of ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Appearance
(Redirected from List of ships of the Japanese navy)
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
Imperial Japanese Armed Forces |
---|
Administration |
Imperial Japanese Army (Dai Nippon Teikoku Rikugun) |
Imperial Japanese Navy (Dai Nippon Teikoku Kaigun) |
Rank insignia |
History |
The following is the list of ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy for the duration of its existence, 1868–1945.[1] This list also includes ships before the official founding of the Navy and some auxiliary ships used by the Army. For a list of ships of its successor, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force, see List of active Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force ships and List of combatant ship classes of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
Early warships
[edit]- Atakebune, 16th century coastal oar propelled warships.
- Red seal ships – Around 350 armed sailships, commissioned by the Bakufu in the early 17th century, for Asian and South-East Asian trade.
- San Buena Ventura (1607) – Built by William Adams for Tokugawa Ieyasu. Crossed the Pacific in 1610.
- San Juan Bautista (1614) – One of Japan's first Western-style sail warships, transported the embassy of Hasekura Tsunenaga to America in 1614.
Early modern warships
[edit]Western-style sail warships
[edit]- Shohei Maru (1854) – Japan's first post-seclusion Western-style sail warship.
- Hou-Ou Maru (1854)
- Asahi Maru (1856)
Steam warships
[edit]- Kankō Maru (1855), Japan's first steam warship.
- Kanrin Maru (1855) – Japan's first screw-driven steam warship
- Chōyō (1858)
- Kaiyō Maru (1866)
- Kaiten
- Banryū
- Chogei
- Shinsoku
- Mikaho
- Yoshun(ja:陽春丸)
- Kasuga
- Chiyodagata (1863), Japan's first domestically built steam warship.
- Hiryū(ja:飛龍丸)
- Teibo
- Ryūjō (1864)
- Unyo
- Nisshin
- Takao(ja:第二回天)
- Moshun
Corvettes and gunboats
[edit]- Kongō class
- Amagi
- Tsukushi
- Kaimon
- Tenryū
- Katsuragi class
- Heien (1882, ex-Chinese, captured 1895)
- Maya class
- Ōshima
- Banjo
- Uji
Battleships
[edit]Pre-dreadnoughts
[edit]Ship or class | Displacement | Main battery |
Secondary battery |
Torpedo tubes |
Complement | Speed | Ships in class | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel laid |
Commissioned | Fate | |||||||
Kōtetsu, ex-CSS Stonewall; renamed Azuma, Dec 1871 | 1,390 tons | 1 × 10-in. | 2 × 6.4-in. | 135 | 10.5 kn | 1863 | Feb 1869 | Sold for scrap, Dec 1889 | ||
Fusō | 3,717 tons | 4 × 9.4-in. | 2 × 6.7-in. | 295 | 13 kn | Sep 1875(?) | Jan 1878 | Sold for scrap, 1909 | ||
Chin'en (Prize of First Sino-Japanese War) |
7,220 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 2 × 5.9-in. | 3 × 14-in. | 350 | 15.4 kn | Mar 1882 | Mar 1895 | Scrapped, 1912 | |
Fuji class | 12,230 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 10 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 650 | 18.25 kn | Fuji | Aug 1894 | Aug 1897 | Scrapped, 1948 |
Yashima | Dec 1894 | Sep 1897 | Naval mines, May 1904 | |||||||
Shikishima class | 14,850 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 741 | 18 kn | Shikishima | Mar 1897 | Jan 1900 | Scrapped, 1948 |
Hatsuse | Jan 1898 | Jan 1901 | Naval mine, May 1904 | |||||||
Asahi | 15,200 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 773 | 18 kn | Aug 1898 | Apr 1900 | sunk by USS Salmon (SS-182) May 1942 | |
Mikasa | 15,140 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 836 | 18 kn | Jan 1899 | Mar 1902 | Preserved as museum ship |
Prizes of the Russo-Japanese War
[edit]Battleships
[edit]Ship | Displacement | Main battery |
Secondary battery |
Torpedo tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Keel Laid | Commissioned into IJN |
Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iki (ex-Russian Imperator Nikolai I) | 9,594 tons | 2 × 12-in. | 6 × 6-in. | 6 × 18-in. | 616 | 14 kn | Aug 1886 | Jun 1905 | Target, Oct 1915 |
Tango (ex-Russian Poltava) | 11,500 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 4 × 9-in. | 2 × 18-in. 4 × 15-in. |
631 | 16 kn | May 1892 | Aug 1905 | Returned to Russia, 1916 |
Sagami (ex-Russian Peresvet) | 13,810 tons | 4 × 10-in. | 10 × 6-in. | 2 × 18-in. | 771 | 18 kn | Nov 1895 | Jul 1908 | Sold back to Russia, Mar 1916 |
Suwo (ex-Russian Pobeda) | 13,320 tons | 4 × 10-in. | 10 × 6-in. | 2 × 18-in. | 771 | 18 kn | Feb 1899 | Oct 1908 | Probably scrapped, 1922-1923 |
Hizen (ex-Russian Retvizan) | 12,780 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 6 × 15-in. | 750 | 18 kn | Jul 1899 | Jan 1905 | Sunk as target, Jul 1924 |
Iwami (ex-Russian Oryol) | 14,151 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 4 × 15-in. | 854 | 18 kn | Jun 1900 | Jun 1907 | Sunk as target, Jul 1924 |
Coastal defense ships
[edit]Ship | Displacement | Main battery |
Secondary battery |
Torpedo tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Keel laid | Commissioned into IJN |
Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mishima (ex-Russian Admiral Seniavin) | 4,165 tons | 4 × 10-in. | 6 × 6-in. | removed | 406 | 16 kn | Aug 1892 | Jun 1905 | Sunk as target, May 1936 |
Okinoshima (ex-Russian General Admiral Graf Apraksin) | 4,165 tons | 3 × 10-in. | 6 × 6-in. | removed | 406 | 15 kn | Oct 1894 | Jun 1905 | Scrapped, 1939 |
Transitional Dreadnoughts
[edit]Class | Displacement | Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in class | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
Fate | |||||||
Katori class | 15,950 tons | 4 × 12-in. 4 × 10-in. |
12 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 864 | 18 kn | Katori | Apr 1904 | May 1906 | Scrapped, 1925 |
Kashima | Feb 1904 | May 1906 | Scrapped, 1924 | |||||||
Satsuma class | 19,372 tons | 4 × 12-in. 12 × 10-in. |
8 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 940 | 20 kn | Satsuma | May 1905 | Mar 1910 | Sunk as target, 1924 |
Aki | Mar 1906 | Mar 191 | Sunk as target, 1924 | |||||||
Kawachi class | 20,823 tons | 12 × 12-in. | 10 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 1,100 | 21 kn | Kawachi | Apr 1909 | Mar 1912 | Internal explosion, 1918 |
Settsu | Jan 1909 | Jul 1912 | Scrapped, 1947 |
Battleship prizes of World War I
[edit]Source | Displacement | Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Keel Laid | Ceded to Japan |
Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ex-German Nassau | 18,873 tons | 12 × 11-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 6 × 17.7-in. | 1,008 | 20 kn | Jul 1907 | Apr 1920 | Scrapped, 1920 |
ex-German Oldenburg | 22,808 tons | 12 × 12-in. | 14 × 5.9-in. | 6 × 21-in. | 1,069 | 20.8 kn | Mar 1909 | Apr 1920 | Scrapped, 1921 |
Battlecruisers
[edit]Class | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
Fate | ||||||||
Tsukuba class | 13,750 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 3 | 820 | 20.5 kn | Tsukuba | Jan 1905 | Jan 1907 | Explosion, Jan 1917 | |
Ikoma | Mar 1905 | Mar 1908 | Scrapped, 1923 | ||||||||
Ibuki class | 14,636 tons | 4 × 12-in. | 8 × 8-in. | 3 × 17.7-in. | 817 | 21.25 kn | Ibuki | May 1907 | Nov 1907 | Scrapped, 1923 | |
Kurama | Aug 1905 | Feb 1911 | Scrapped, 1923 | ||||||||
Kongō class | 31,720 tons exc. Kirishima 31,980 |
8 × 14-in. | 16 × 6-in. | 8 × 21-in. | 1,437 | 30.5 kn | Kongō | Jan 1911 | Aug 1913 | Converted to fast battleship, 1935 | |
Haruna | Mar 1912 | Apr 1915 | Converted to fast battleship, 1933 | ||||||||
Hiei | Nov 1911 | Apr 1915 | Converted to training ship, 1937; fast battleship, 1941 | ||||||||
Kirishima | Mar 1912 | Apr 1915 | Converted to fast battleship, 1941 | ||||||||
Amagi class | 40,000 tons | Amagi | Cancelled, 1922 | ||||||||
Akagi | Dec 1920 | Mar 1927 | Completed as aircraft carrier | ||||||||
Atago | Cancelled, 1922 | ||||||||||
Takao | Cancelled, 1922 | ||||||||||
Type B-65 | 32,000 tons | 9 × 12.2-in. | 16 × 3.9-in. | 33 kn | Hull 795 | Cancelled, 1942 | |||||
Hull 796 | Cancelled, 1942 |
In commission during World War II
[edit]Old battleships
[edit]-
Ise after conversion
Class | Displacement | Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel laid | Commis- sioned |
War loss | Postwar | ||||||
Kongō class | 31,720 tons exc. Kirishima 31,980 |
8 × 14-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 1,437 | 30.5 kn | Kongō | Jan 1911 | Aug 1913 | sunk by USS Sealion (SS-315) Nov 1944 | |
Haruna | Mar 1912 | Apr 1915 | Hit in Bombing of Kure July 1945 | Scrapped 1946 | ||||||
Hiei | Nov 1911 | Apr 1915 | Sunk at Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 | |||||||
Kirishima | Mar 1912 | Apr 1915 | Sunk at Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 | |||||||
Fusō class | 34,700 tons | 12 × 14-in. | 16 × 6-in. | 1,376 | 25 kn | Fusō | Mar 1912 | Nov 1915 | Sunk at Battle of Surigao Strait Oct 1944 | |
Yamashiro | Nov 1913 | Mar 1917 | Sunk at Battle of Surigao Strait Oct 1944 | |||||||
Ise class ‡ | 42,001 tons | 12 × 14-in. | 16 × 5.5-in. | 1,376 | 25 kn | Ise | May 1915 | Nov 1915 | Sunk by Air attack on Kure Jul 1945 | |
Hyūga | May 1915 | Apr 1918 | Sunk by Air attack on Kure Jul 1945 | Scrapped, 1947 | ||||||
Nagato class | 39,130 tons | 8 × 16-in. | 18 × 5.5-in. | 1,368 | 25 kn | Nagato | Aug 1917 | Nov 1920 | Used at target in Operation Crossroads atomic bomb test, 1946 | |
Mutsu | Jun 1918 | Oct 1921 | Internal explosion, Jun 1943 | |||||||
Tosa class | 38,500 tons | 10 × 16-in. | 20 × 5.5-in. | 26.5 kn | Tosa | Feb 1920 | Cancelled, 1922; hull used for tests and scuttled 1925 | |||
Kaga | Jul 1920 | Mar 1928 | Completed as aircraft carrier |
‡ Before conversion to hybrid aircraft carriers
Super battleships
[edit]-
Yamato and Musashi in Truk Atoll, 1943
Class | Displacement | Main Battery | Secondary Battery | Complement | Speed | Ships in Class | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commissioned | War Loss | ||||||
Yamato class | 64,170 tons | 9 × 18-in. | 12 × 6.1-in. | 2,500 | 27.5 kn | Yamato | Nov 1937 | Dec 1941 | Sunk by air attack during Operation Ten-Go Apr 1945 |
Musashi | Mar 1938 | Aug 1942 | Sunk at Battle of the Sibuyan Sea Oct 1944 | ||||||
Shinano | May 1940 | completed as aircraft carrier |
sunk by submarine attack 29 November 1944 | ||||||
Hull 111 | scrapped | ||||||||
6 × 6.1-in. | Hull 797 | cancelled | |||||||
Design A-150 battleship | 70,000 tons | 6 × 20.1-in. | "Many" × 3.9-in. | Hull 798 | cancelled | ||||
Hull 799 | cancelled |
Seaplane tenders
[edit]- Wakamiya (1913)
- Notoro (1920)
- Akitsushima
- Kamoi
- Chitose class (converted to aircraft carriers)
- Mizuho
- Nisshin
- Kamikawa Maru class
Aircraft carriers
[edit]- Hōshō (1921)
- Akagi (1925)
- Kaga (1928)
- Ryūjō (1931)
- Sōryū (1935)
- Hiryū (1937)
- Shōkaku class
- Zuihō class
- Hiyō class
- Taiyō class escort carrier
- Kaiyō (liner converted to escort carrier in 1942) (liner converted to escort carrier in 1943)
- Ryūhō (converted from submarine tender in 1942)
- Taihō (1943)
- Chitose class light aircraft carriers
- Unryū class
- Shin'yō (1943)
- Shinano (1944)
- Shimane Maru class escort carrier
- Shimane Maru (1944)
- Otakisan Maru (not completed)
Imperial Japanese Army
[edit]- Yamashio Maru class auxiliary escort carrier (used by the Army)
- Yamashio Maru (1944)
- Chigusa Maru (not completed)
- Akitsu Maru (1941, landing craft carrier and escort carrier)
- Kumano Maru (1945, landing craft carrier and escort carrier)
Cruisers
[edit]Protected cruisers
[edit]Class or Ship | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed | Fate | |||||||
ex-Chinese prize of First Sino-Japanese War Jiyuan | 2,300 tons | 2 × 8.2-in. | 1 × 5.9-in. | 4 | 180 | 15 kn | Saien | Jan 1883 | Mar 1895 | Mine, Nov 1904 |
Chilean corvette Esmeralda sold to Japan | 2,950 tons | 2 × 10-in. | 6 × 6-in. | 296 | 18.3 kn | Izumi | Apr1881 | 1894 | Scrapped | |
Naniwa class | 3,727 tons | 2 × 10.2-in. | 6 × 5.9-in. | 4 × 14-in. | 325 | 18 kn | Naniwa | Mar 1884 | Feb 1886 | Sold for scrap, Jun 1913 |
Takachiho | Apr 1884 | Mar 1886 | Torpedoed off Tsingtao, Oct 1914 | |||||||
Unebi | 3,615 tons | 4 × 9.4-in. | 7 × 5.9-in. | 4 × 14-in. | 400 | 18 kn | Unebi | May 1884 | Oct 1886 | Lost at sea, Dec 1886 |
Yaeyama | 1,584 tons | 3 × 4.7-in. | 8 × 3-pdr. | 2 × 18-in. | 200 | 20.75 kn | Yaeyama | Jun 1887 | Mar 1890 | Scrapped, Apr 1911 |
Chiyoda | 2,439 tons | 10 × 4.7-in. | 14 × 3-pdr. | 3 × 14-in. | 350 | 19 kn | Chiyoda | Dec 1888 | Jan 1891 | Target, Aug 1927 |
Chishima | 741 tons | 5 × 3-in. | 6 × 1-pdr. | 3 × 15-in. | 90 | 19 kn | Chishima | Jan 1890 | Apr 1892 | Collision, Nov 1892 |
Matsushima class | 4,278 tons | 1 × 12.6-in. | 11-12 × 4.7-in. | 4 × 14-in. | 360 | 16.5 kn | Itsukushima | Jan 1888 | Sep 1891 | Scrapped, 1926 |
Matsushima | Feb 1888 | Apr 1892 | Explosion, Apr 1908 | |||||||
Hashidate | Aug 1888 | Jun 1894 | Scrapped, 1927 | |||||||
Akitsushima | 3,100 tons | 4 × 6-in. | 6 × 4.7-in. | 4 × 14-in. | 330 | 19 kn | Akitsushima | Mar 1890 | Mar 1894 | Scrapped, 1927 |
Yoshino | 4,150 tons | 4 × 6-in. | 8 × 4.7-in. | 5 × 14-in. | 360 | 23 kn | Yoshino | Dec 1892 | Sep 1893 | Collision, May 1904 |
Suma class | 2,657 tons | 2 × 6-in. | 6 × 4.7-in. | 2 × 15-in. | 256 | 20 kn | Suma | Aug 1892 | Dec 1896 | Scrapped, 1928 |
Akashi | Aug 1894 | Mar 1899 | Target, Aug 1930 | |||||||
Takasago | 4,160 tons | 2 × 8-in. | 10 × 4.7-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 425 | 23.5 kn | Takasago | Apr 1896 | May 1898 | Mined off Port Arthur, Dec 1904 |
Kasagi class | 4,979 tons | 2 × 8-in. | 10 × 4.7-in. | 5 × 14-in. | 405 | 22.5 kn | Kasagi | Feb 1897 | Oct 1898 | Ran aground Tsugaru Strait, Jul 1916 |
Chitose | Jan 1898 | Mar 1899 | Target, Jul 1931 | |||||||
Niitaka class | 3,366 tons | 6 × 6-in. | 10 × 12-pdr. | 320 | 20 kn | Niitaka | Jan 1902 | Jan 1904 | Wrecked Kamchatka Peninsula, Aug 1922 | |
Tsushima | Oct 1901 | Feb 1904 | Target, 1944 | |||||||
Otowa | 3,000 tons | 2 × 6-in. | 6 × 4.7-in. | 312 | 21 kn | Otowa | Jan 1903 | Sep 1904 | Grounded in dense fog off Daiozaki, Shima peninsula, Jul 1917 | |
Tone | 4,113 tons | 2 × 6-in. | 10 × 4.7-in. | 3 × 18-in. | 370 | 23 kn | Tone | Nov 1905 | May 1910 | Target, Apr 1933 |
Chikuma class | 5,000 tons | 8 × 6-in. | 4 × 12-pdr. | 3 × 18-in. | 26 kn | Chikuma | Apr 1909 | May 1912 | Target, 1935 | |
Hirado | Aug 1910 | Jul 1912 | Scrapped, 1947 | |||||||
Yahagi | Jun 1910 | Jul 1912 | Scrapped, 1947 |
Prizes of Russo-Japanese War
[edit]Class or Ship | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Keel Laid | Commissioned into IJN |
Fate |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tsugaru (ex-Russian Pallada) | 6,932 tons | 8 × 6-in. | 12 × 3.1-in. | 3 × 18-in. | 514 | 20 kn | Dec 1895 | Aug 1908 | Scuttled, May 1924 |
Soya (ex-Russian Varyag) | 6,500 tons | 12 × 6-in. | 10 × 3-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 571 | 23 kn | Oct 1899 | Jul 1907 | Returned to Russia, Apr 1916 |
Suzuya (ex-Russian Novik) | 3,080 tons | 2 × 4.7-in. | 4 × 3-in. | 340 | 25 kn | Feb 1900 | May 1904 | Sold, Apr 1913 |
Armored cruisers
[edit]Class | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Secondary Battery |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed | Fate | ||||||||
Asama class | 9,557 tons | 4 × 8-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 676 | 21 kn | Asama | Oct 1896 | Mar 1899 | Scrapped, 1947 | |
Tokiwa | Jan 1897 | May 1899 | Air attack, Aug 1944 | ||||||||
Izumo class | 9,353 tons | 4 × 8-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 672 | 20.75 kn | Izumo | May 1898 | Sep 1900 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | |
Iwate | Nov 1898 | Mar 1901 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | ||||||||
Yakumo | 9,646 tons | 4 × 8-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 670 | 20 kn | Yakumo | Sep 1897 | Jun 1900 | Scrapped, Jul 1946 | |
Azuma | 9,278 tons | 4 × 8-in. | 12 × 6-in. | 5 × 18-in. | 670 | 21 kn | Azuma | Feb 1898 | Jul 1900 | Scrapped, 1946 | |
Kasuga class | 7,698 tons | 4 × 8-in. | 14 × 6-in. | 4 × 18-in. | 600 | 20 kn | Kasuga ex-Argentine Bernardino Rivadavia | Mar 1902 | Jan 1904 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | |
Nisshin ex-Argentine Mariano Moreno | Mar1902 | Jan1904 | Target, 1936 and again 1942 | ||||||||
Prize of Russo-Japanese War | 7,802 tons | 2 × 8-in. | 8 × 6-in. | 2 × 18-in. | 573 | 21 kn | Aso (ex-Russian Bayan) | Mar 1899 | Dec 1902 | Target, Aug 1932 |
Other cruisers
[edit]Dispatch vessels
[edit]Class | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Secondary Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
Fate | ||||||||
Yodo class | 1,270 tons | 2 × 4.7-in. | 4 × 12-pdr. | 12 × 24-in. | 116 | 22 kn | Yodo | Oct 1906 | Apr 1908 | Scrapped, 1945 | |
Mogami | Mar 1907 | Sep 1908 | Scrapped, 1929 |
Foreign built
[edit]Class | Displace- ment |
Main Battery | Secondary Battery | Torpedo Tubes | Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
Fate | ||||||||
Prize of World War I | 4,350 tons | 6 × 5.9-in. | 1 × 3.4-in. | 2 × 17.7-in. | 380 | 27.25 kn | Y (ex-German Augsburg) | 1910 | Scrapped, 1922 | ||
Ning Hai-class (prizes of Second Sino-Japanese War) | 2,526 tons | 6 × 5.5-in. | 6 × 3.1-in. | 4 × 21-in. | 351 | 23 kn | training vessel Mikura, Jul 1938; renamed Ioshima, Jun 1944 (ex-Chinese Ning-Hai) | Feb 1931 | Sep 1932 | Submarine, Sep 1944 | |
barracs hulk Mishima, 1938; renamed Yasoshima, Jun 1944 (ex-Chinese P'ing-Hai) | Jun 1931 | Jun 1936 | Air attack, Nov 1944 |
In commission during World War II
[edit]Old light cruisers
[edit]Class | Displacement | Main Battery | Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar | ||||||
Tenryū class | 3,230 tons | 4 × 5.5-in. | 6 × 21-in. | 332 | 33 kn | Tatsuta | Jul 1917 | May 1919 | Submarine, Mar 1944 | |
Tenryū | May 1917 | Nov 1919 | Submarine, Dec 1942 | |||||||
Kuma class | 5,870 tons | 7 × 5.5-in. | 8 × 24-in. | 439 | 31.75 kn | Kuma | Aug 1918 | Aug 1920 | Submarine, Jan 1944 | |
Tama | Aug 1918 | Jan 1921 | Submarine, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Kitakami | Sep 1919 | Apr 1921 | Scrapped, 1946 | |||||||
Kiso | Aug 1918 | May 1921 | Air attack, Nov 1944 | |||||||
Ōi | Nov 1919 | Oct 1921 | Submarine, Jul 1944 | |||||||
Nagara class | 5,170 tons | 7 × 5.5-in. | 8 × 24-in. | 438 | 36 kn | Nagara | Sep 1920 | Apr 1922 | Submarine, Oct 1944 | |
Natori | Dec 1920 | Sep 1922 | Submarine, Aug 1944 | |||||||
Kinu | Jan 1921 | Nov 1922 | Air attack, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Yura | May 1921 | Mar 1923 | Guadalcanal, Oct 1942 | |||||||
Isuzu | Aug 1920 | Aug 1923 | Submarine, Apr 1945 | |||||||
Abukuma | Dec 1921 | May 1925 | Air attack, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Yūbari class | 2,890 tons | 6 × 5.5-in. | 4 × 24-in. | 328 | 35.5 kn | Yūbari | Jun 1922 | Jul 1923 | Submarine, Apr 1944 | |
Sendai class | 5,195 tons | 7 × 5.5-in. | 8 × 24-in. | 450 | 35.25 kn | Sendai | Feb 1922 | Apr 1924 | Empr. Aug. Bay, Nov 1943 | |
Jintsū | Aug 1922 | Jul 1925 | Kolombangara, Jul 1943 | |||||||
Naka | Jun 1922 | Nov 1925 | Truk, Feb 1944 |
Heavy cruisers
[edit]Class | Displacement | Main Battery | Torpedo Tubes | Complement | Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar | ||||||
Furutaka class | 9,150 tons | 6 × 7.9-in. | 12 × 24-in. | 625 | 33 kn | Furutaka | Dec 1922 | Mar 1926 | Cape Esperance, Oct 1942 | |
Kako | Dec 1922 | Jul 1926 | Submarine, Aug 1942 | |||||||
Aoba class | 9,380 tons exc. Aoba 9,000 |
6 × 8-in. | 12 × 24-in. | 773 | 33.3 kn | Aoba | Jan 1924 | Sep 1927 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | |
Kinugasa | Oct 1924 | Sep 1927 | Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 | |||||||
Myōkō class | 13,380 tons | 10 × 8-in. | 16 × 24-in. | 773 | 33.75 kn | Myōkō | Oct 1924 | Jul 1929 | Scuttled, 1946 | |
Nachi | Nov 1924 | Nov 1928 | Air attack, Nov 1944 | |||||||
Haguro | Mar 1925 | Apr 1929 | Surface action, May 1945 | |||||||
Ashigara | Apr 1925 | Aug 1929 | Surface action, Jun 1945 | |||||||
Takao class | 13,160 tons | 10 × 8-in. | 16 × 24-in. | 773 | 34.25 kn | Takao | Apr 1927 | Mar 1932 | Target, 1946 | |
Atago | Apr 1927 | Mar 1932 | Submarine, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Chōkai | Apr 1931 | Jun 1932 | Off Samar, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Maya | Dec 1928 | Jun 1932 | Submarine, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Mogami class | 12,400 tons | 10 × 8-in. | 12 × 24-in. | 850 | 34.75 kn | Mogami | Oct 1931 | Jul 1935 | Surigao Strait, Oct 1944 | |
Mikuma | Dec 1931 | Aug 1935 | Midway, Jun 1942 | |||||||
Suzuya | Dec 1933 | Oct 1937 | Off Samar, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Kumano | Apr 1934 | Jul 1935 | Air attack, Nov 1944 | |||||||
Tone class | 11,215 tons | 8 × 8-in. | 12 × 24-in. | 850 | 35 kn | Tone | Dec 1934 | Nov 1938 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | |
Chikuma | Oct 1935 | May 1939 | Off Samar, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Ibuki class | 12,200 tons | 10 × 8-in. | 16 × 24-in. | 35 kn | Ibuki | Apr 1942 | May 1943 | completed as aircraft carrier | ||
No. 301 | cancelled | cancelled |
New light cruisers
[edit]Class | Displacement | Main Battery | Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Ships in Class | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar | ||||||
Katori class | 5,890 tons | 4 × 5.5-in. | 4 × 21-in. | 18 kn | Katori | Aug 1938 | Apr 1940 | Truk, Feb 1944 | ||
Kashima | Oct 1938 | May 1940 | Scrapped, 1947 | |||||||
Kashii | Oct 1939 | Jul 1941 | Air attack, Jan 1945 | |||||||
Kashiwara | cancelled | cancelled | ||||||||
Agano class | 6,652 tons | 6 × 6-in. | 8 × 24-in. | 730 | 35 kn | Agano | Jun 1940 | Oct 1942 | Submarine, Feb 1945 | |
Noshiro | Sep 1941 | Jun 1943 | Air attack, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Yahagi | Nov 1941 | Dec 1943 | Air attack, Apr 1945 | |||||||
Sakawa | Nov 1942 | Nov 1944 | Atomic bomb test, Jul 1946 | |||||||
Ōyodo class | 8,164 tons | 6 × 6.1-in. | designed to carry 6 seaplanes | 36 kn | Ōyodo | Feb 1941 | Feb 1943 | Air attack, Jul 1945 | Scrapped, 1948 | |
Niyodo | cancelled | cancelled |
Destroyers
[edit]1st Class destroyers
[edit]World War I era
[edit]Class | Displacement | Main Battery | Torpedo Tubes |
Complement | Speed | Ships in Class | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | ||||||
Urakaze class | 907 tons | 1 × 4.7‑in. 4 × 12‑pndr. |
4 × 21‑in. | 120 | 30 kn | Urakaze | Oct 1913 | Oct 1915 | Air attack, Jul 1945 |
Kawakaze | Oct 1913 | Dec 1916 | Transferred to Italy as Audace, Jul 1916 | ||||||
Isokaze class | 1,227 tons | 4 × 4.7-in. | 6 × 18-in. | 128 | 34 kn | Isokaze | Apr 1916 | Feb 1917 | Retired, 1935 |
Amatsukaze | Apr 1916 | Apr 1917 | Retired, 1935 | ||||||
Hamakaze | Apr 1916 | Mar 1917 | Retired, 1935 | ||||||
Tokitsukaze | Dec 1916 | Mar 1917 | Training ship, 1940; sank in storm, 1945 | ||||||
Acorn class * | 730 tons | 2 × 4‑in. 2 × 12‑pndr. |
2 × 21-in. | 72 | 27 kn | Kanran (HMS Nemesis) | 1910‑1911 | 1910‑1911 | Loaned, 1917; returned, 1919 |
Sendan (HMS Minstrel) | 1910‑1911 | 1910‑1911 | Loaned, 1917; returned, 1919 | ||||||
Kawakaze class | 1,300 tons | 3 × 4.7-in. | 6 × 21-in. | 128 | 37.5‑kn | Kawakaze | Feb 1917 | Nov 1918 | Retired, 1934 |
Tanikaze | Sep 1916 | Jan 1919 | Retired, 1935 | ||||||
* On loan from Royal Navy |
In commission during World War II
[edit]Class | Displace- ment |
Main Battery |
Torpedo Tubes |
Comple- ment |
Speed | Number Commis- sioned |
War Losses | Survived War | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Air Attack |
Sub- marine |
Surface Action |
Other | ||||||||
Minekaze class | 1,650 tons | 4 × 4.7‑in. | 6 × 21‑in. | 148 | 39 kn | 15 | 1 | 9 | 5 | ||
Kamikaze class | 1,720 tons | 4 × 4.7‑in. | 6 × 21‑in. | 154 | 37¼ kn | 9 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | |
Mutsuki class | 1,445 tons | 4 × 4.7‑in. | 6 × Type 12 | 154 | 37¼ kn | 12 | 9 | 1 | 2 | none | |
Fubuki class | 2,050 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 9 × 24‑in. | 219 | 38 kn | 20 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 |
Akatsuki class | 2,050 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 9 × 24‑in. | 233 | 38 kn | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||
Hatsuharu class | 1,802 tons | 5 × 5‑in. | 6 × 24‑in. | 212 | 36 kn | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | none | |
Shiratsuyu class | 1,685 tons | 5 × 5‑in. | 8 × 24‑in. | 180 | 34 kn | 10 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | none |
Asashio class | 2,370 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 8 × 24‑in. | 200 | 35 kn | 10 | 4 | 2 | 4 | none | |
Kagerō class | 2,500 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 8 × 24‑in. | 239 | 35.5 kn | 19 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
Yūgumo class | 2,520 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 8 × 24‑in. | 225 | 35.5 kn | 19 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 1 | none |
Akizuki class | 3,700 tons | 8 × 3.9‑in. | 4 × 24‑in. | 263 | 33 kn | 12 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 | |
Shimakaze | 3,300 tons | 6 × 5‑in. | 15 × 24‑in. | 267 | 40.9 kn | 1 | 1 | none | |||
Matsu class | 1,530 tons | 3 × 5‑in. | 4 × 24‑in. | 211 | 27.8 kn | 19 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 12 |
Tachibana class | 1,530 tons | 3 × 5‑in. | 4 × 24‑in. | 211 | 27.8 kn | 14 | 1 | 1 | 12 | ||
Totals | 170 | 48 | 41 | 30 | 11 | 40 |
Minekaze-class
[edit]Minekaze class (15) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,650 tons | |
Main battery: | 4 × 4.7 in (120 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 6 × 21 in (530 mm) | |
Complement: | 148 | |
Speed: | 39 kn (72 km/h; 45 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
War Loss | Postwar | |||||||||
Minekaze (Summit Wind) |
Apr 1918 | May 1920 | Submarine off Formosa, Feb 1944 |
|||||||
Sawakaze (Marsh Wind) |
Jan 1918 | Mar 1920 | Scuttled, 1948 | |||||||
Okikaze (Offshore Wind) |
Feb 1919 | Aug 1920 | Submarine near Yokosuka, Jan 1943 |
|||||||
Shimakaze (Island Wind) |
Sep 1919 | Nov 1920 | Submarine near Kavieng, Jan 1943 |
|||||||
Nadakaze (High Seas Wind) |
Jan 1920 | Sep 1920 | Submarine near Lombok Strait, Jul 1945 |
|||||||
Yakaze (Arrow Wind) |
Jan 1918 | Jul 1920 | Scrapped, 1948 | |||||||
Hakaze (Winged Wind) |
Nov 1918 | Sep 1920 | Submarine near Kavieng, Jan 1943 |
|||||||
Shiokaze (Tide Wind) |
May 1920 | Jul 1921 | Scuttled, 1945 | |||||||
Akikaze (Autumn Wind) |
Jun 1920 | Sep 1921 | Submarine west of Luzon, Nov 1944 ‡ |
|||||||
Yūkaze (Evening Wind) |
Dec 1920 | Aug 1921 | To Royal Navy, 1947 | |||||||
Tachikaze (Sword Wind) |
Aug 1920 | Dec 1921 | Air attack at Truk, Feb 1944 |
|||||||
Hokaze (Sail Wind) |
Nov 1920 | Dec 1921 | Submarine in Celebes Sea, Jul 1944 |
|||||||
Nokaze (Field Wind) |
Apr 1921 | Mar 1922 | Submarine in South China Sea, Feb 1945 |
|||||||
Namikaze (Wave Wind) |
Nov 1921 | Nov 1922 | To Rep. of China, 1947 | |||||||
Numakaze (Marsh Wind) |
Aug 1921 | Jul 1922 | Submarine off Okinawa, Dec 1943 ‡ | |||||||
‡ Lost with all hands |
Kamikaze-class
[edit]Kamikaze class (9) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,720 tons | |
Main battery: | 4 × 4.7 in (120 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 6 × 21 in (530 mm) | |
Complement: | 154 | |
Speed: | 37.25 kn (68.99 km/h; 42.87 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
War Loss | Postwar | |||||||||
Asakaze (Morning Wind) |
Feb 1922 | Jun 1923 | Submarine off Luzon, Aug 1944 |
|||||||
Asanagi (Morning Calm) |
Mar 1923 | Dec 1924 | Submarine south of Honshu, May 1944 |
|||||||
Harukaze (Spring Wind) |
May 1922 | May 1923 | Scuttled, 1947 | |||||||
Hatakaze (Flag Wind) |
Jul 1923 | Aug 1924 | Air attack at Takao, Jan 1945 |
|||||||
Hayate (Gale) |
Nov 1922 | Dec 1925 | Coastal battery at Wake Atoll, Dec 1941* |
|||||||
Kamikaze (Divine Wind) |
Dec 1921 | Dec 1922 | Scrapped, 1947 | |||||||
Matsukaze (Pine Wind) |
Dec 1922 | Apr 1924 | Submarine south of Honshu, Jun 1944 |
|||||||
Oite (Tail Wind) |
Mar 1923 | Oct 1925 | Air attack at Truk, Feb 1944 |
|||||||
Yūnagi (Evening Calm) |
Sep 1923 | May 1925 | Submarine off Luzon, Aug 1944 | |||||||
*First Japanese warship lost in Pacific War |
Mutsuki-class
[edit]Mutsuki class (12) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,445 tons | |
Main battery: | 4 × 4.7 in (120 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 6 × Type 12 | |
Complement: | 154 | |
Speed: | 37.25 kn (68.99 km/h; 42.87 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
War Loss | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fumizuki (July) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Air attack at Truk, Feb 1944 | |||||||
Kikuzuki (Chrysanthemum Moon) |
Jun 1925 | Nov 1926 | Air attack at Tulagi, May 1942 | |||||||
Kisaragi (February) |
Jun 1924 | Dec 1925 | Air attack at Wake Atoll, Dec 1941*‡ | |||||||
Mikazuki (Crescent Moon) |
Aug 1925 | May 1927 | Air attack at Tuluvu, Jul 1943 | |||||||
Minazuki (June) |
Mar 1925 | Mar 1927 | Submarine off Tawitawi, Jun 1944 | |||||||
Mochizuki (Full Moon) |
Mar 1926 | Oct 1927 | Air attack off Rabaul, Oct 1943 | |||||||
Mutsuki (January) |
May 1924 | Mar 1926 | Battle of the Eastern Solomons, Aug 1942 | |||||||
Nagatsuki (September) |
Apr 1926 | Apr 1927 | Battle of Kula Gulf, Jul 1943 | |||||||
Satsuki (May) |
Dec 1924 | Nov 1925 | Air attack on Manila Bay, Sep 1944 | |||||||
Uzuki (April) |
Jan 1924 | Sep 1926 | PT boat attack off Cebu, Dec 1944 | |||||||
Yayoi (March) |
Jan 1924 | Aug 1926 | Air attack off New Guinea, Sep 1942 | |||||||
Yūzuki (Evening Moon) |
Nov 1926 | Jul 1927 | Air attack off Cebu, Dec 1944 | |||||||
* Second Japanese warship lost in Pacific War | ||||||||||
‡ Lost with all hands |
Fubuki-class
[edit]Fubuki class (20) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 2,050 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 18 × Type 90 | |
Complement: | 219 | |
Speed: | 38 kn (70 km/h; 44 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prewar | War Loss | Postwar | |||||||||
Akebono (Daybreak) |
Nov 1929 | Jul 1931 | Air attack near Manila, Nov 1944 |
||||||||
Amagiri (Fogged or Clouded Sky) |
Nov 1928 | Nov 1930 | Struck mine in Makassar Strait, Apr 1944 |
||||||||
Asagiri (Morning Fog) |
Dec 1928 | Jun 1930 | Battle of the Eastern Solomons, Aug 1942 |
||||||||
Ayanami (Twilled Waves) |
Jan 1928 | Apr 1930 | Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 |
||||||||
Fubuki (Blizzard) |
Jun 1926 | Aug 1928 | Battle of Cape Esperance, Oct 1942 |
||||||||
Hatsuyuki (First Snow) |
Apr 1927 | Mar 1929 | Air attack near Shortlands, Jul 1943 |
||||||||
Isonami (Breakers or Surf) |
Oct 1926 | Jun 1928 | Submarine in Sulu Sea, Apr 1943 |
||||||||
Miyuki (Deep Snow) |
Apr 1927 | Jun 1929 | Collision in Korea Strait, Jun 1934* |
||||||||
Murakumo (Massed Clouds) |
Apr 1927 | May 1929 | Battle of Cape Esperance, Oct 1942 |
||||||||
Oboro (Moonlight) |
Oct 1929 | Nov 1931 | Air attack in Aleutians, Oct 1942 |
||||||||
Sagiri (Haze) |
Mar 1929 | Jan 1931 | Submarine near Borneo, Dec 1941 |
||||||||
Sazanami (Ripples) |
Mar 1930 | Jun 1931 | Submarine near Caroline Islands, Jan 1944 |
||||||||
Shikinami (Spreading Waves) |
Jul 1928 | Dec 1929 | Submarine in South China Sea, Sep 1944 |
||||||||
Shinonome (Daybreak) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Air attack near British Borneo, Dec 1941 |
||||||||
Shirakumo (White Cloud) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Submarine off Hokkaidō, Mar 1944 |
||||||||
Shirayuki (White Snow) |
Mar 1927 | Dec 1928 | Battle of the Bismarck Sea, Mar 1943 |
||||||||
Uranami (Shore Wave) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Air attack off Panay, Oct 1944 |
||||||||
Ushio (Tide) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Scrapped, 1948 | ||||||||
Usugumo (Thin Clouds) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Submarine in Sea of Okhotsk, Jul 1944 |
||||||||
Yūgiri (Evening Mist) |
Oct 1924 | Jul 1926 | Battle of Cape St. George, Nov 1943 |
||||||||
* Only Japanese modern destroyer loss prewar; only Japanese modern destroyer loss to collision |
Akatsuki-class
[edit]Akatsuki class (4) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 2,050 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 9 × 24 in (610 mm) | |
Complement: | 233 | |
Speed: | 38 kn (70 km/h; 44 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
War Loss | Postwar | ||||||||||
Akatsuki (Dawn) |
Feb 1930 | Nov 1932 | Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 |
||||||||
Hibiki (Echo) |
Feb 1930 | Mar 1933 | To USSR, 1949 | ||||||||
Ikazuchi (Thunder) |
Mar 1930 | Aug 1932 | Submarine off Guam, Jul 1944 ‡ |
||||||||
Inazuma (Lightning) |
Mar 1930 | Nov 1932 | Submarine off Tawitawi, May 1944 |
||||||||
‡ Lost with all hands |
Hatsuharu-class
[edit]Hatsuharu class (6) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,802 tons | |
Main battery: | 5 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 6 × 24 in (610 mm) | |
Complement: | 212 | |
Speed: | 36 kn (67 km/h; 41 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
War Loss | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ariake (Daybreak) |
Jan 1933 | Mar 1935 | Air attack near Tuluvu, Jul 1943 | |||||||
Hatsuharu (Early Spring) |
May 1931 | Sep 1933 | Air attack on Manila Bay, Nov 1944 | |||||||
Hatsushimo (First Frost) |
Jan 1933 | Sep 1934 | Mined and beached in Miyazu Bay, Jul 1945 | |||||||
Nenohi (New Year Day) |
Dec 1931 | Sep 1933 | Submarine in Aleutians, Jul 1942 | |||||||
Wakaba (Young Leaves) |
Dec 1931 | Oct 1934 | Air attack off Panay, Oct 1944 | |||||||
Yūgure (Twilight) |
Apr 1933 | Mar 1935 | Air attack off Kolombangara, Jul 1943 † | |||||||
† Survivors rescued but subsequently lost |
Shiratsuyu-class
[edit]Shiratsuyu class (10) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,685 tons | |
Main battery: | 5 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 8 × 24 in (610 mm) | |
Complement: | 180 | |
Speed: | 34 kn (63 km/h; 39 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
War Loss | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Harusame (Spring Rain) |
Feb 1935 | Aug 1937 | Air attack near New Guinea, Jun 1944 | |||||||
Kawakaze (River Wind) |
Apr 1935 | Apr 1937 | Battle of Vella Gulf, Aug 1943 | |||||||
Murasame (Passing Shower) |
Feb 1934 | Jan 1937 | Submarine in Blackett Strait, Mar 1943 | |||||||
Samidare (Early Summer Rain) |
Dec 1934 | Jan 1937 | Submarine near Palau, Aug 1944 | |||||||
Shigure (Drizzle) |
Dec 1933 | Sep 1936 | Submarine in Gulf of Siam, Jan 1945 | |||||||
Shiratsuyu (White Dew) |
Nov 1933 | Sep 1936 | Collision near Surigao Strait, Jun 1944 | |||||||
Suzukaze (Cool Breeze) |
Jul 1935 | Aug 1937 | Submarine off Ponape, Jan 1944 | |||||||
Umikaze (Sea Breeze) |
May 1935 | May 1937 | Submarine at Truk, Feb 1944 | |||||||
Yamakaze (Mountain Wind) |
May 1935 | Jun 1937 | Submarine off Honshu, Jun 1942 ‡ | |||||||
Yūdachi (Evening Squall) |
Oct 1934 | Jan 1937 | Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, Nov 1942 | |||||||
‡ Lost with all hands |
Asashio-class
[edit]Asashio class (10) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 2,370 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 8 × 24 in (610 mm) | |
Complement: | 200 | |
Speed: | 35 kn (65 km/h; 40 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
War Loss |
---|---|---|---|
Arare (Hailstone) |
Mar 1937 | Apr 1939 | Submarine in Aleutians, Jul 1942 |
Arashio (Stormy Tide) |
Oct 1935 | Dec 1937 | Battle of the Bismarck Sea, Mar 1943 |
Asagumo (Morning Cloud) |
Dec 1936 | Mar 1938 | Battle of Surigao Strait, Oct 1944 |
Asashio (Morning Tide) |
Sep 1935 | Aug 1937 | Battle of the Bismarck Sea, Mar 1943 |
Kasumi (Haze) |
Dec 1936 | Jun 1939 | Air attack off Okinawa, Apr 1945 |
Michishio (Full Tide) |
Nov 1935 | Oct 1937 | Battle of Surigao Strait, Oct 1944 |
Minegumo (Summit Cloud) |
Mar 1937 | Apr 1938 | Battle of Blackett Strait, Mar 1943 |
Natsugumo (Summer Cloud) |
Jul 1936 | Feb 1938 | Air attack off Guadalcanal, Oct 1942 |
Ōshio (High Tide) |
Aug 1936 | Oct 1936 | Submarine off Manus, Feb 1943 |
Yamagumo (Mountain Cloud) |
Nov 1936 | Jan 1938 | Battle of Surigao Strait, Oct 1944 |
Kagerō-class
[edit]Kagerō class (19) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 2,500 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 8 × Type 92 | |
Complement: | 239 | |
Speed: | 35.5 kn (65.7 km/h; 40.9 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
Fate | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
War Loss | Postwar | ||||
Akigumo (Autumn Clouds) |
Jul 1940 | Sep 1941 | Submarine off Zamboanga Peninsula, Apr 1944 |
||
Amatsukaze (Heavenly Wind) |
Feb 1939 | Oct 1940 | Scuttled off Amoy, Apr 1945 |
||
Arashi (Storm) |
Nov 1940 | Battle of Vella Gulf, Aug 1943 |
|||
Hagikaze (Clover Wind) |
Jun 1940 | Battle of Vella Gulf, Aug 1943 |
|||
Hamakaze (Beach Wind) |
Nov 1939 | Jun 1941 | Air attack in East China Sea, Apr 1945 |
||
Hatsukaze (First Wind) |
Dec 1937 | Feb 1940 | Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, Nov 1943 |
||
Hayashio (Swift Tide) |
Jun 1938 | Aug 1940 | Air attack in Huon Gulf, Nov 1942 |
||
Isokaze (Wind on the Beach) |
Nov 1938 | Nov 1940 | Air attack off Okinawa, Apr 1945 |
||
Kagerō (Mirage) |
Sep 1937 | Nov 1939 | Air attack off Rendova, May 1943 |
||
Kuroshio (Black Tide) |
Aug 1937 | Jan 1940 | Struck mine off Kolombangara, May 1943 |
||
Maikaze (Dancing Wind) |
Apr 1940 | Jul 1941 | Surface action near Truk, Feb 1944 |
||
Natsushio (Summer Tide) |
Dec 1937 | Aug 1940 | Submarine off Makassar, Feb 1942 |
||
Nowaki (Autumn Gale) |
Nov 1939 | Apr 1941 | Surface action off Samar, Oct 1944 |
||
Oyashio (Father Current) |
Mar 1938 | Aug 1940 | Air attack off Kolombangara, May 1943 |
||
Shiranui (Phosphorescent Light) |
Aug 1937 | Dec 1939 | Air attack off Panay, Oct 1944 |
||
Tanikaze (Valley Wind) |
Apr 1941 | Submarine near TawiTawi, Jun 1944 |
|||
Tokitsukaze (Favorable Wind) |
Feb 1939 | Dec 1940 | Battle of the Bismarck Sea, Mar 1943 |
||
Urakaze (Wind on the Sea) |
Apr 1939 | Dec 1940 | Submarine off Formosa, Nov 1944 |
||
Yukikaze (Snowy Wind) |
Jan 1940 | To Rep. of China, Jul 1947 |
Yūgumo-class
[edit]Yugumo class (19) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 2,520 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 8 × 24‑in. | |
Complement: | 225 | |
Speed: | 35.5 kn (65.7 km/h; 40.9 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Akishimo (Autumn Frost) |
May 1943 | Mar 1944 | Air attack at Cavite, Nov 1944 | |
Asashimo (Morning Frost) |
Jan 1943 | Nov 1943 | Air attack off Okinawa, Apr 1945 | |
Fujinami (Purple Wave) |
Aug 1942 | Jul 1943 | Air attack following Battle off Samar, Oct 1944 † | |
Hamanami (Beach Waves) |
Apr 1943 | Oct 1943 | Air attack off Leyte, Nov 1944 | |
Hayanami (Early Waves) |
Jan 1942 | Jul 1943 | Submarine near TawiTawi, Jun 1944 | |
Hayashimo (Early Frost) |
Jan 1943 | Feb 1944 | Grounded and abandoned following Battle off Samar, Oct 1944 | |
Kazagumo (Wind and Clouds) |
Dec 1940 | Mar 1942 | Submarine near Davao Gulf, Jun 1944 | |
Kishinami (Shore Waves) |
Aug 1943 | Dec 1943 | Submarine near Palawan, Dec 1944 | |
Kiyonami (Clear Wave) |
Oct 1941 | Jan 1943 | Air attack off Kolombangara, Jul 1943 ↔ | |
Kiyoshimo (Clear Frost) |
Feb 1944 | May 1944 | Air attack and PT boat off Mindoro, Dec 1944 | |
Makigumo (Cirrus Clouds) |
Dec 1940 | Mar 1942 | Scuttled after striking mine off Savo Island, Feb 1943 | |
Makinami (Overflowing Waves) |
Apr 1941 | Aug 1942 | Battle of Cape St. George, Nov 1943 | |
Naganami (Long Waves) |
Apr 1941 | Jun 1942 | Air attack Ormoc Bay, Nov 1944 | |
Okinami (High Seas Waves) |
Aug 1942 | Dec 1943 | Air attack Manila Bay, Nov 1944 | |
Ōnami (Big Rough Waves) |
Nov 1941 | Dec 1942 | Battle of Cape St. George, Nov 1943 ‡ | |
Suzunami (Breaking Waves) |
Mar 1942 | Jul 1943 | Air attack Rabaul, Nov 1943 | |
Takanami (Tall Wave) |
May 1941 | Aug 1942 | Battle of Tassafaronga, Nov 1942 | |
Tamanami (Jade Wave) |
Mar 1942 | Apr 1943 | Submarine off Manila Bay, Jun 1944 ‡ | |
Yūgumo (Evening Clouds) |
Jul 1940 | Dec 1941 | Battle of Vella Lavella, Oct 1943 | |
‡ Lost with all hands | ||||
† Lost with all hands, including survivors of Chokai | ||||
↔ Very few survivors; all previously rescued from Yugumo lost |
Akizuki-class
[edit]Akizuki class (12) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 3,700 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 8 × 24‑in. | |
Complement: | 225 | |
Speed: | 35.5 kn (65.7 km/h; 40.9 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar |
---|---|---|---|---|
Akizuki (Autumn Moon) |
Jul 1940 | Jun 1942 | Battle off Cape Engaño, Oct 1944 |
|
Fuyutsuki (Winter Moon) |
May 1943 | May 1944 | Converted to breakwater, May 1948 | |
Hanazuki (Flower Moon) |
Feb 1944 | Dec 1944 | Sunk as target, Feb 1948 | |
Harutsuki (Spring Moon) |
Dec 1943 | Dec 1944 | To Soviet Navy, Aug 1947 | |
Hatsuzuki (New Moon in Autumn) |
Jul 1941 | Dec 1942 | Battle off Cape Engaño, Oct 1944 |
|
Michizuki | -- | -- | ||
Natsuzuki (Summer Moon) |
May 1944 | Apr 1945 | To Royal Navy, Aug 1947 | |
Niizuki (New Moon) |
Dec 1941 | Mar 1943 | Battle of Kula Gulf, Jul 1943 |
|
Shimotsuki (November) |
Jul 1942 | Mar 1944 | Submarine off Singapore, Nov 1944 |
|
Suzutsuki (Clear Moon in Autumn) |
Mar 1941 | Dec 1942 | Sold for scrap, Nov 1945 | |
Teruzuki (Shining Moon) |
Nov 1941 | Jan 1943 | Surface action off Savo Island, Dec 1942 |
|
Wakatsuki (Young Moon) |
Mar 1942 | May 1943 | Air attack off Ormoc Bay, Nov 1944 |
|
Yoizuki (Evening Moon) |
Aug 1943 | Jan 1942 | To Rep. of China, Aug 1947 |
Shimakaze
[edit]Shimakaze (1) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 3,300 tons | |
Main battery: | 6 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 15 × 24‑in. | |
Complement: | 267 | |
Speed: | 40.9 kn (75.7 km/h; 47.1 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Completed or Commissioned |
War Loss |
---|---|---|---|
Shimakaze (Island Wind) |
Aug 1941 | May 1943 | Battle of Ormoc Bay, Nov 1944 |
Matsu-class
[edit]Matsu class (19) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,530 tons | |
Main battery: | 3 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 4 × 24‑in. | |
Complement: | 211 | |
Speed: | 27.8 kn (51.5 km/h; 32.0 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hinoki (Japanese Cypress) |
Mar 1944 | Sep 1944 | Surface action off Manila Bay, Jan 1945 ‡ |
|
Kaede (Maple) |
Mar 1944 | Oct 1944 | To Rep. of China, Jul 1947 | |
Kashi (Live Oak) |
May 1944 | Sep 1944 | Scrapped 1947 | |
Kaya (Japanese Nutmeg-Yew) |
Apr 1944 | Sep 1944 | To USSR, Jul 1947 | |
Keyaki (Japanese Elm) |
Jun 1944 | Dec 1944 | Sunk as target, 1947 | |
Kiri (Paulownia Hardwood) |
Feb 1944 | Aug 1944 | To USSR, Jul 1947 | |
Kuwa (Mulberry) |
Dec 1943 | Jul 1944 | Surface action off Ormoc Bay, Dec 1944 |
|
Maki (Podocarp Hardwood) |
Feb 1944 | Aug 1944 | Scrapped 1947 | |
Matsu (Pine Tree) |
Aug 1943 | Apr 1944 | Air attack off Bonin Islands, Aug 1944 |
|
Momi (White Fir) |
Jan 1944 | Sep 1944 | Air attack off Manila Bay, Jan 1945 |
|
Momo (Peach) |
Nov 1943 | Jun 1944 | Submarine off Cape Bolinao, Luzon, Dec 1944 |
|
Nara (Oak) |
Jun 1944 | Nov 1944 | Scrapped, 1948 | |
Sakura (Cherry Blossom) |
Jun 1944 | Nov 1944 | Struck mine off Osaka, Jul 1945 |
|
Sugi (Cedar) |
Feb 1944 | Aug 1944 | To Rep. of China, Jul 1947 | |
Sumire (Violet) |
Oct 1944 | Mar 1945 | Sunk as target, 1947 | |
Take (Bamboo) |
Oct 1943 | Jun 1944 | Sunk as target, 1947 | |
Tsubaki (Camellia) |
Jun 1944 | Nov 1944 | Scrapped, Jul 1948 | |
Ume (Apricot) |
Jan 1944 | Jun 1944 | Air attack off Ormoc Bay, Jan 1945 |
|
Yanagi (Willow) |
Aug 1944 | Jan 1945 | Scrapped, Apr 1947 | |
‡ Lost with all hands |
Tachibana-class
[edit]Tachibana class (14) | ||
---|---|---|
Displacement: | 1,530 tons | |
Main battery: | 3 × 5 in (130 mm) | |
Torpedo tubes: | 4 × 24‑in. | |
Complement: | 211 | |
Speed: | 27.8 kn (51.5 km/h; 32.0 mph) |
Ship | Keel Laid | Commis- sioned |
War Loss | Postwar |
---|---|---|---|---|
Enoki (Nettle Tree) |
Oct 1944 | Mar 1945 | Struck mine Jun 1945, scrapped |
|
Hagi (Bush Clover) |
Sep 1944 | Mar 1945 | To Royal Navy, Apr 1947 | |
Hatsuume (Early-blooming Plum) |
Dec 1944 | Jun 1945 | To Rep. of China, Jul 1947 | |
Hatsuzakura (Early-blooming Cherry) |
Apr 1944 | May 1945 | To USSR, Jul 1947 | |
Kaba (Birch) |
Oct 1944 | May 1945 | To US, Aug 1947 | |
Kaki (Persimmon) |
Oct 1944 | May 1945 | To US, Jul 1947 | |
Kusunoki (Camphor) |
Nov 1944 | May 1945 | To Royal Navy, Jul 1947 | |
Nashi (?) |
Sep 1944 | Mar 1945 | Salvaged 1955 as JDS Wakaba | |
Nire (Elm) |
Aug 1944 | Jan 1945 | Scrapped, Apr 1948 | |
Odake (Great Bamboo) |
Nov 1944 | May 1945 | To US, Jul 1945 | |
Shii (Castanopsis) |
Sep 1944 | Mar 1945 | To USSR, Jul 1945 | |
Sumire (Violet) |
Oct 1944 | Mar 1945 | To Royal Navy, Aug 1947 | |
Tachibana (?) |
Jul 1944 | Jan 1945 | Sunk by air attack, Jul 1945 |
|
Tsuta (Ivy) |
Jul 1944 | Feb 1945 | To Rep. of China, Jul 1947 |
2nd Class destroyers
[edit]- Sakura class (1911–1912)
- Kaba class (1915)
- Momo class (1916–1917)
- Enoki class (1917–1918)
- Momi class (1919–1922)
- Wakatake class (1922–1923)
3rd Class destroyers
[edit]- Murakumo class (1898–1922)
- Ikazuchi class (1898–1926)
- Akatsuki class (1901–1920)
- Shirakumo class (1901–1926)
- Harusame class (1902–1926)
- Kamikaze class (1905–1930)
Torpedo boats
[edit]- Shirataka class (1899–1923)
- Hayabusa class (1899–1923)
- Chidori class (1933)
- Ōtori class (1935–1937)
River gunboats
[edit]- Sumida
- Fushimi
- Ataka
- Okitsu (ex-Italian minelayer Lepanto)
- Karatsu (ex-USS Luzon (PR-7))
- Katada
- Fushimi
- Sumida
- Hozu
- Katata
- Futami
- Atami
- Seta
- Kotaka
- Toba
- Hira
- Tatara (ex-USS Wake (PR-3))
- Suma (ex-HMS Moth (1915))
- Kozakura-class traffic boat
Minesweepers
[edit]Patrol vessels
[edit]- No.1-class auxiliary submarine chaser (驅潛特務艇第一號型): Over 200 built during World War II, 81 lost.
List of IJN Patrol Vessels can be found here at [1]
- No.1-class patrol boat
- No.31-class patrol boat
- Patrol Boat No. 31 (ex-Kiku) [4]
- Patrol Boat No. 32 (ex-Aoi) [5]
- Patrol Boat No. 33 (ex-Hagi) [6]
- Patrol Boat No. 34 (ex-Susuki) [7]
- Patrol Boat No. 35 (ex-Tsuta) [8]
- Patrol Boat No. 36 (ex-Fuji) [9]
- Patrol Boat No. 37 (ex-Hishi) [10]
- Patrol Boat No. 38 (ex-Yomogi) [11]
- Patrol Boat No. 39 (ex-Tade) [12]
- Patrol Boat No. 46 (ex-Yūgao) [13]
- Patrol Boat No. 101 (ex-HMS Thracian) [14]
- Patrol Boat No. 102 (ex-USS Stewart (DD-224)) [15]
- Patrol Boat No. 103 (ex-USS Finch (AM-9)) [16]
- Patrol Boat No. 104 (ex-HNLMS Valk) [17]
- Patrol Boat No. 105 (ex-Arayat) [18]
- Patrol Boat No. 106 (ex-HNLMS Banckert) [19]
- Patrol Boat No. 107 (ex-USS Genesee (AT-55)) [20]
- Patrol Boat No. 108 (ex-HNLMS Arend) [21]
- Patrol Boat No. 109 (ex-HNLMS Fazant) [22]
Minelayers
[edit]Submarines
[edit]1st Class submarines
[edit]- Junsen class
- Kou class
- Otsu class
- Type B1, Otsu gata(S37) (乙型 (S37)), 20 units, I-15, I-17, I-19, I-21, I-23, I-25, I-26, I-27, I-28, I-29, I-30, I-31, I-32, I-33, I-34, I-35, I-36, I-37, I-38, I-39.
- Type B2, Otsu gata(S37B) (乙型 (S37B)), 6 units, I-40, I-41, I-42, I-43, I-44, I-45.
- Type B3, Otsu gata(S37C) (乙型 (S37C)), 3 units, I-54, I-55, I-58.
- Hei class
- Tei class
- Kaidai class
- Type KD1, Kaidai 1 gata (海大I型), I-51.
- Type KD2, Kaidai 2 gata (海大II型), I-152 (ex-I-52).
- Type KD3a, Kaidai 3 gata a (海大III型a), 4 units, I-153 (ex-I-53), I-154 (ex-I-54), I-155 (ex-I-55), I-158 (ex-I-58).
- Type KD3b, Kaidai 3 gata b (海大III型b), 5 units, I-156 (ex-I-56), I-157 (ex-I-57), I-159 (ex-I-59), I-60, I-63.
- Type KD4, Kaidai 4 gata (海大IV型), 3 units, I-61, I-162 (ex-I-62), I-164 (ex-I-64)
- Type KD5, Kaidai 5 gata (海大V型), 3 units, I-165 (ex-I-65), I-166 (ex-I-66), I-67
- Type KD6a, Kaidai 6 gata a (海大VI型a), 6 units, I-168 (ex-I-68), I-169 (ex-I-69), I-70, I-171 (ex-I-71), I-172 (ex-I-72), I-73.
- Type KD6b, Kaidai 6 gata b (海大VI型b), 2 units, I-174 (ex-I-74), I-175 (ex-I-75).
- Type KD7, Kaidai 7 gata (海大VII型), 10 units, I-176 (ex-I-76), I-177, I-178, I-179, I-180, I-181, I-182, I-183, I-184, I-185.
- Sentoku type, Toku gata (特型), 3 units, I-400, I-401, I-402 (I-404 not launched, I-405 not completed).
- Sentaka type, Sentaka (潜高), 3 units, I-201, I-202, I-203 (I-204 to I-208 not completed).
- Senho type, Senho (潜補), I-351 (I-352 not completed).
- Kiraisen (Mine layer) type, Kiraisen (機雷潜), 4 units I-121 (ex-I-21), I-122 (ex-I-22), I-123 (ex-I-23), I-124 (ex-I-24).
- Captured German submarines, 6 units, I-501 (ex-U-181), I-502 (ex-U-862), I-503 (ex-UIT-24, ex-Comandante Cappellini), I-504 (ex-UIT-25, ex-Luigi Torelli), I-505 (ex-U-219), I-506 (ex-U-195).
2nd Class submarines
[edit]- Type F
- Kaichū type
- Type K1, Kaichū 1 gata (海中I型), 2 units, Ro-11, Ro-12.
- Type K2, Kaichū 2 gata (海中II型), 3 units, Ro-13, Ro-14, Ro-15.
- Type K3, Kaichū 3 gata (海中III型), 10 units, Ro-16, Ro-17, Ro-18, Ro-19, Ro-20, Ro-21, Ro-22, Ro-23, Ro-24, Ro-25.
- Type K4, Kaichū 4 gata (海中IV型), 3 units, Ro-26, Ro-27, Ro-28.
- Type KT (Toku-Chū), Kaichū 5 gata (海中V型), 5 units, Ro-29,Ro-30, Submarine No. 70, Ro-31, Ro-32.
- Type K6, Kaichū 6 gata (海中VI型), 2 units, Ro-33, Ro-34.
- Type KS (Sen-Chū), Kaichū 7 gata (海中VII型), 18 units, Ro-35, Ro-36, Ro-37, Ro-38, Ro-39, Ro-40, Ro-41, Ro-42, Ro-43, Ro-44, Ro-45, Ro-46, Ro-47, Ro-48, Ro-49, Ro-50, Ro-55, Ro-56.
- Type L
- Ko Type, 18 units, Ro-100, Ro-101, Ro-102, Ro-103, Ro-104, Ro-105, Ro-106, Ro-107, Ro-108, Ro-109, Ro-110, Ro-111, Ro-112, Ro-113, Ro-114, Ro-115, Ro-116, Ro-117.
- Sen'yu-Shō Type, 10 units, Ha-101, Ha-102, Ha-103, Ha-104, 'Ha-105, Ha-106, Ha-107, Ha-108, Ha-109, Ha-111 (Ha-110 and Ha-112 not completed)
- Sentaka-Shō Type, 11 units, Ha-201, Ha-202, Ha-203, Ha-204, Ha-205, Ha-207, Ha-208, Ha-209, Ha-210, Ha-216 (Ha-206, Ha-211 to Ha-215, Ha-217 to Ha-279 not completed)
- Ex-German submarines, 2 units, Ro-500 (ex-U-511), Ro-501 (ex-U-1224).
3rd Class submarines
[edit]- Type A Kō-hyōteki class, 101 units.
- Kairyū class, about 250 units (750 planned).
- Kaiten, about 1000 units.
- C1 type
- C2 type
- S1 type
- Kawasaki class
- S2 type
- No.71, Dai 71 gou-kan (第71号艦),71-gou
Army submarines
[edit]Other submarines
[edit]- Holland class
- modified Holland class
Suicide vessels
[edit]See also
[edit]- Japanese ship naming conventions
- Japanese destroyers of World War II
- List of sunken aircraft carriers
- List of aircraft carriers by country
- List of battleships of Japan
- List of battlecruisers of Japan
- List of cruiser classes of the Imperial Japanese Navy
- List of cruisers of Japan
- List of destroyers of Japan
References
[edit]- ^ Jentschura, Hansgeorg; Jung, Dieter; Mickel, Peter (1977). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945 (1st English ed.). London: Arms & Armour Press. ISBN 0-85368-151-1.
External links
[edit]- MaritimeQuest Japanese Destroyer Index
- MaritimeQuest Akatsuki Class Destroyers Overview
- MaritimeQuest Akizuki Class Destroyers Overview
- MaritimeQuest Hatsuharu Class Destroyers Overview
- MaritimeQuest Matsu Class Destroyer Overview
- MaritimeQuest Minekaze Class Destroyers Overview
- MaritimeQuest Kamikaze Class Destroyers Class Overview
- MaritimeQuest Japanese Battleship Index
- Japanese gunboats in Japanese, with photo
- Japanese gunboats in Japanese, with photo
- Materials of IJN
- Monograph 144 Chapter II